Educazione e multietnicità: scuola, formazione e università in Lombardia – Anno 2014/15

[Autom. eng. transl.] In line with the trend shown in previous years, the consolidation of the foreign presence in the Lombard schools is confirmed, even if, as for some years now, growth has slowed down. Also for the 2014/15 school year, Lombardy is the leading Italian region by absolute number of students with non-Italian citizenship; in fact, it receives 24.7% of the national total (+0.1 percentage points compared to the academic year 2013/14). The incidence rate is higher in the provinces of Milan and Monza - Brianza (39.8%), Brescia (16.2%) and Bergamo (12.3%) and, at school level, in kindergarten and in primary school (16% for both). With regard to vocational training, foreign students in Lombardy for the 2015/16 training year were 2,041, with a drastic reduction compared to the previous year: -25.6%. The most coveted professional sectors for third-year students are those related to mechanics (31.1%), electronics (14.6%) and catering (14.5%). In the 2015/16 academic year, Lombardy is confirmed as the region with the largest number of foreigners enrolled in its universities, both public and private: 17,868, equal to 24.3% of foreign national subscribers, with an increase of 4 , 1% compared to the academic year 2014/15. The same situation if we consider only the number of registrations: 3.188, or 24.1% of the total Italian value (+ 4% compared to the previous academic year). The most frequented universities are those in Milan and, in relation to the disciplinary field, the social area is the most chosen, both for foreign students and for freshmen only. Through the analysis of the Invalsi tests the outcomes of learning were analyzed, comparing the academic success of Italian and foreign students. Overall, it is confirmed that Italian students achieve superior results compared to their foreign peers, especially if we consider the first generations; in fact the difference between native and second generation is reduced. The gap is greater in the Italian test and becomes thinner for the Mathematics test. Finally, thanks to the 2016 regional survey carried out by the Lombard observatory, it was possible to learn about the cultural capital of foreigners over fourteen in Lombardy: 3.1% are illiterate or have no qualifications, 8.6% have only attended the primary school and 29.1% the first grade, 44.9% have a secondary qualification (qualification or diploma), while 14.3% have a degree or a post-graduate degree. Compared to the previous year, the values are relatively stable, recording only a slight increase for those with a university degree or post-graduate degree (+1.9 percentage points).