Dinamica di accumulo delle fumonisine libere e nascoste in mais durante la stagione colturale ed indagine sul possibile collegamento con la sua composizione lipidica.

[Autom. eng. transl.] Recent studies have shown contamination by different fumonisins in different hybrids, also in relation to the area and year of cultivation. In all cases, however, a correlation was confirmed between the fumonisins and fatty acids content, in particular linoleic acid, and a correlation between the oleic acid / linoleic acid ratio and fumonisin masking. In this study, the ears of 10 different maize hybrids, cultivated in different geographical areas (4 provinces of Emilia Romagna and 1 of Lombardy) were collected during the whole growing season, starting from the beginning of waxy ripening. Grain was used for the quantification of fungi present (with particular attention to the genus Fusarium), for the analysis of fumonisins content and for lipidomic analyzes. The results obtained showed that a greater presence of fungi of the genus Fusarium corresponds to a greater presence of fumonisins both in free and masked form, but there are differences during the growing season with regard to funghs, in terms of incidence and unity colony forming, both the fumonisins detected, with a role played by hybrids and cultivation areas. The lipidomic approach has highlighted the presence of lipid species differently expressed in different hybrids. The bioinformatic analysis showed, for some hybrids, of the lipid compounds characterizing the different phenological phases and highlighted the presence of 82 different lipid species in hybrids with high and low fumonisin content. These results suggest the possibility of correlating the analyzed lipid species to fungal and fumonisin contamination, thus characterizing the hybrids and highlighting any differences in susceptibility in the different phenological phases.