Deepening the fining mechanism: role of bentonite parameters on removal of biogenic amines and volatile phenols in an oxidized Roero Arneis wine

This work planned the fining of a oxidized Roero Arneis with 1 g L-1 of three different bentonite labels. The wine was spiked with amounts of 4-ethylphenol (4-EP) and 4-vinylphenol (4-VP) over the sensory threshold and levels of BA close to concentrations that can cause negative physiological effect. The elemental analyses of bentonite samples were conducted with an energy dispersive X-ray detector coupled to a scanning electron microscope. The surface charge density, the specific surface area (SSA), the pH and the swell index were measured using the methods described by O.I.V. and International Enological Codex. 4-EP and 4-VP, BA and o-quinone concentrations were determined in wine before and after fining through UPLC-MS methods.