Consistenza e dinamica delle diverse forme giuridiche di soggetti economici in Italia dopo la crisi: le evidenze empiriche al 2010

[Autom. eng. transl.] The recent crisis that has hit the global economy since the summer of 2007, whose profound effects still seem destined to last over time, has highlighted how, despite the numerous interventions of various kinds already in place, the sources of risk systemic seem to be partly unknown. The continuous recurrence of crisis phenomena in different types of economic and financial realities, which range from the financial scandals raised by the Enron, Cirio and Parmalat cases to the recent difficult situations on the financial markets, have brought to light numerous market failures (Rawls, 1972 ; Acemoglu, 2006) and the urgency of adequate revisions of the rules and governance of industrial companies and financial institutions. Although globalization has obviously led to a strong increase in interdependence between countries, and with it the probability of transmitting real and financial shocks, the greater diversification of risks connected with the increase in the global exposure of financial portfolios should have determined, at least in principle, less exposure to disturbances of a local nature and eliminate the specific risk of portfolios (Sharpe, 1964). This factual evidence did not occur. On the contrary, an overall situation seems to emerge, characterized by an ever-growing global risk, whose determinants are difficult to identify and understand. These dynamics have aroused the attention of the academic and institutional world, but also professional. In this context the present study finds its place, which intends to investigate the dynamics detected in the numerical consistencies of the various legal entities that exercise economic activity present in Italy. The study also aims to verify the degree of implementation and use of some of the new legal institutions introduced following the Reform of 2004. It will be highlighted how the economic crisis has had contrasting effects, reaffirming already existing dynamics and highlighting new ones . Therefore, this study proposes to update some evidences detected for the years 2005, 2006 and 2007 and subject of analysis in a previous work (Bellavite Pellegrini, 2009), extending the observation to the period following the outbreak of the crisis, 2009 and 2010. Being able to have a historical series that examines a six-year period, spaced out in the middle since 2007, makes it possible to propose a sufficiently articulated overview. The data presented in the course of this work were extracted from the "historical archive" of the Chambers of Commerce information system1 which is called Stock View, with specific reference to the consistency of the different legal forms at December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2010.