blinatunomab as a successful and safe therapy in down syndrome patients with relapsed refractory b-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia case report and literature review

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased incidence of leukaemia. They have elevated relapse rates and therapy-related mortality (TRM).1-4 Approximately 30%–50% of adult patients affected by acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in haematological complete remission (CR) exhibit minimal residual disease (MRD) and this is the strongest predictor of relapse. We aimed to describe the clinical outcome of three adult DS patients treated with blinatumomab5, 6 as rescue for refractory/relapsed ALL (Table 1) . All patients had a diagnosis of Ph negative B-cell ALL without extramedullary involvement at diagnosis or additional cytogenetic abnormalities.