Benessere famigliare e strumenti di conciliazione vita-lavoro: la prospettiva del Family Impact Lens

[Autom. eng. transl.] In the context of approaches to welfare systems and personal services, alongside the more well-known contrast between welfare models and models that prefigure empowerment, subsidiarity and co-production (Donati and Colozzi, 2005; Lodigiani and Pesenti, 2014), we can find a significant contrast between models centered on the individual (characteristic of the welfare state) and models centered on the constitutive relationships of the person (Think family model). The latter, however, struggle to assert themselves, as the spread of universalistic welfare models has generally been accompanied by an orientation towards defamilization, or to consider individuals independent of family relationships, seeing family and intergenerational solidarity more as a constraint on individual self-realization (and in particular on gender equality) than as a possible resource for personal and relational well-being. Adopting the Think family perspective, on the contrary, means understanding the close interconnection existing between the needs and resources of different individuals within family relationships; from this it follows that any intervention/policy must go beyond a vision focused on the rights/opportunities of the individual, considering it instead in relation to the complexity of the family context and valorizing the family's ability to mediate between the needs of its members and to systematize the resources it has, capitalizing on them. For this thought to take hold, however, a cultural change is necessary (think family), together with the overcoming of structural, legal, organizational, economic, fiscal obstacles that slow down or prevent the transition from Think family to Act Family. In the Think family, Act Family approach, the family presents itself as a cornerstone in the planning, implementation and evaluation of interventions/policies, and this has a double meaning: on the one hand, promoting family-based interventions, where the family is valorized as an indispensable "tool" for solving individual problems, and, on the other, considering, right from the initial planning, the impact of actions and decisions (public and organizational) on the family as a whole, so as to facilitate family relationships in carrying out their functions. Starting from this framework, the reflection presented here is divided into two parts: first of all, the concept of "well-being" will be taken into consideration, in order to verify the way in which it is treated in the literature - that is, according to an individual or relational conceptualization (§ 2); subsequently, the Italian legislation will be analyzed in reference to corporate welfare and leaves (§ 4), using the Family Impact Lens (FIL) as an analytical model (§ 3).