AFCOS: The Development of a Cryptoglandular Anal Fistula Core Outcome Set

Nusrat Iqbal, Machielsen J.H.M. Astrid, Kimman Merel L, Kane Gillian, Woodcock Rebecca, Grossi Ugo, Phil J. Tozer, Breukink Stéphanie O, Estefania Guzman Cordero, Neil Gardiner, Ibrahim Ethem Gecim, Lester Gottesman, Ingrid Han, Piet Keizers, Deborah Keller, Aikaterini Leventi, Lilli Lundby, Phillip Lung, Gary Marshall, Catherine MulrenanK. Pugh, Carlo Ratto, Heather Whitehead, David Zimmerman

Research output: Contribution to journalArticle

Abstract

Objective: To develop a cryptoglandular Anal Fistula Core Outcome Set: a minimum set of outcomes that should be measured in all studies of cryptoglandular anal fistula treatment. Background: Variability in the outcomes that are reported in studies of cryptoglandular anal fistula treatment hampers systematic evidence synthesis to identify the best treatment. Methods: This study followed guidance from the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials initiative and consisted of three stages: (1) generation of candidate outcomes through systematic review of the literature and qualitative patient interviews; (2) prioritization of outcomes by key stakeholders, including patients, surgeons, gastroenterologists, and radiologists in an online Delphi consensus process; and (3) determination of the final Core Outcome Set (COS) in a consensus meeting attended by patients and clinicians. Results: Sixty-four outcomes were presented in the first Delphi survey round. A total of 191 participants from over 30 countries ranked these outcomes according to their importance in defining treatment success (57.6% surgeons and gastroenterologists, 8.9% radiologists, and 33.5% patients). After two rounds, 53 outcomes were identified as important and discussed in the consensus meeting attended by 10 patients and 12 clinicians. A final 10 outcomes were voted into the COS: clinical fistula healing, radiological healing, recurrence, development of additional fistulas, fistula symptoms, incontinence, psychological impact of treatment, complications and reinterventions, patient satisfaction, and quality of life. Conclusion: The final COS represents an international, multidisciplinary, patient-centered attempt to establish consistency in fistula research, with a substantial focus on patient priorities for treatment.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)E1045-E1050
Number of pages6
JournalAnnals of Surgery
Volume277
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

Keywords

  • Core Outcome Set
  • Delphi consensus
  • anal fistula
  • outcomes

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