@inbook{b19f19b7b2254bfc9cb3eb37172b2300,
title = "20. Fides – fiducia – fedus im politischen Sprachgebrauch der lombardischen Kommunen im 13. Jahrhundert",
abstract = "During the long war against Frederick II and its allied cities, the communes united in the Lombard League utilized political oratory as a key tool to support each other and deepen the bonds of friendship. The study of some letters, which Bologna, Milan, Brescia, Mantua and Faenza wrote between 1226 and 1250 enables to seize the high cultural level of the authority in the communal world - especially of the potest{\`a} . In this context the terms rector (rettore) and rhetorician (r{\`e}tore) become the same meaning. In this context, the terms related to loyalty acquire a broad political significance and become a reference point to establish the political authority of the cities against the empire.",
keywords = "Federico II, Frederik II, Gregorio IX, Gregory IX, Lega lombarda, Lombard league, communal policy, fedelt{\`a} giurata, loyalty oath, oratoria comunale, politica comunale, political oratory, Federico II, Frederik II, Gregorio IX, Gregory IX, Lega lombarda, Lombard league, communal policy, fedelt{\`a} giurata, loyalty oath, oratoria comunale, politica comunale, political oratory",
author = "Alberzoni, {Maria Pia}",
year = "2015",
language = "German",
isbn = "978-2-503-55103-6",
series = "Collected Essays in European Culture",
pages = "161--182",
editor = "J{\"o}rg Sonntag and Coralie Zermatten",
booktitle = "Loyalty in the Middle Ages. Ideal and Practice of a Cross-Social Value",
}